ARSEL ELECTRONICS LTD.
 
 
 
 

Central Adress:
Gursel mah. Gozlem sok. no:8/B
Kagithane - Istanbul/Turkey
Tel    : +90 212 210 76 50
Fax   : +90 212 210 48 32 info@arselelektronik.com.tr

          
BASIC REQUIREMENTS OF EMERGENCY LIGHTING FIXTURES
BASIC REQUIREMENTS OF EMERGENCY LIGHTING FIXTURES
Let’s examine some of the basic requirements regarding the layout of the fixtures at application field.
-In buildings with the purpose of gathering, health service and commercial, office buildings and industrial buildings
-The buildings have 50 or more users under the exit level,
-All buildings that have more than 400 people user load
-In all structures without windows and located underground,
-All hotels, motels and dormitories,
-The apartments that have more than 20 apartments,
-All high buildings,
-The outdoor sections of jails, prisons and correctional houses,
-All storage – purpose buildings except the buildings that have people only in daytime hours and the buildings that’s escape ways are illuminated in a sufficient level with the day light.
-There must be an emergency lighting devices at the places such as; all escape ways, the places for the use of gathering, elevators and escalators, moving machines created high risks, central battery units rooms, pumping stations, the places where the first-aid and safety equipments located, fire alarm buttons, fire cabinets, fire extinguishing tubes and the places where the other fire fighting equipments, indoor auto parking areas.
LIGHTING DURATION
 -The emergency lighting must be provided at least 1 hour in the case of interruption of normal lighting.
-The emergency status working duration must be 2 hours if the user load is more than 100,
-if the user load is more than 500 then the working duration must be 3 hours. The emergency lighting can be made with the devices designed for containing its rechargeable battery inside or the converter kits that will be located inside the ready to use lighting system fixtures.
EMERGENCY GUIDANCE FIXTURES
• These are lighting devices that have lamb inside.
• It can be single or double faced.
• There must be graphical markings that ensure guidance on it.
• The mounting heights must be between 2 and 2.5 meters high.
• It is mounted to wall, ceiling or suspended ceiling.
• It can be hooked by hanging down with the elements such as stem, chain wire etc.
Externally illuminated Guidance and Safety Signs
• The non-illuminating guidance is for first-aid, fire extinguish tubes, fire cabinet etc. safety and marking plates.
• They ensure guidance by illuminating with emergency lighting fixtures at the place where it is mounted.
• The assembly heights must be between 2 and 2.5 meters.
• The markings shall be of the kind known as phosphorus types.

a- At stairs and escalators: The emergency lighting fixture shall be located by revealing the steps and as not creating shadows and the assembly height must not pass 4.5 meters high.
b- At the places where the floor level changes: The emergency lighting fixture shall be located as not creating shadows way and the assembly height must not pass 4.5 meters high.
c- At turning points: The emergency lighting fixture shall be located for not to hinder the evacuation speed and to ensure the awareness of the opposite wall and the assembly height must not pass 4.5 meters high.
d- Above the exit door: The emergency lighting fixture shall be located to maximum 2 meters distance away from the emergency lighting fixture in horizontal plane for external illuminated (without light) the guidance marking mounted maximum 2.5 meters high.
e- At the places where the fire extinguisher tubes, fire cabinet, fire alarm buttons located: The emergency lighting fixture shall be located to those pointsmaximum 2 meters distance inn horizontal plane and the assembly height must not pass 4.5 meters high.
f- Last exit door: The guidance device shall be located to maximum 2.5 meters high inside the door and the emergency lighting device shall be mounted maximum 4.5 meters high to the outside of the door.
g- At the places where the first-aid equipments located: The emergency lighting fixture shall be located to those points maximum 2 meters distance in horizontal planes and the assembly height must not pass 4.5 meters high.
h- The intersection points of the corridors: The emergency lighting fixture shall be located to 4.5 meters high in terms of people coming from different directions and continue in the right direction without a collision and when people reach to that point they must see the guidance marking located at the height of 2.5 meters high.
EMERGENCY LIGHTING IN ESCAPE ROUTES
Escape route means that a specified road for the evacuation when the emergency situations occurs. A real escape route is a complete escape route which is starting from any point of the building to the street at ground level continuously without any obstacles. The scope of escape routes as a whole;
a- The exits from room and other independent places
b- The corridors and similar passages in every floor
c- Floor exits
d- The stairs reach to ground floor
e- The paths getting you to the last exit point of the same building from the beginning of the stairs at ground floor
f- Last exit is included.

The elevators cannot be accepted as an escape route. The fire stairs are also a part of escape routes.

In the escape routes up to 2 meters width, along the center line of the escape route, on the floor level, emergency lighting level at any point must be at least 1 lux. The middle band not to be less than half the width of the escape route must be lightened with at least 50% of this value. The escape routes more than 2 meters width must be designed with 2 meters side by side or as open area.

The ratio between the minimum lightened areas and the maximum lightened areas shall be not more than 40:1 ratio along the center line of the escape route. For example if the minimum lightened area is 1 lux then the maximum lightened area shall not pass the 40 lux level.

In terms of emergency lighting level 50% of the value that should be, must be ensured in 5 seconds and the complete value must be ensured in 60 seconds. The emergency lighting duration for the evacuation purpose must be at least 1 hour.
Markings
    In case of an emergency situation, from any point inside the building, guidance shall be made in terms of determining the planned exit path and the exit doors by marking them for evacuation.
The guidance markings must be white on green background according to the Safety and Health Markings Regulations which is prepared on the basis of 92/58/EEC numbered European Union Council Directives.
The writings near the markings without disturbing the main structure of the signals “EXIT” or only used in emergency situations “EMERGENCY EXIT” or “FIRE EXIT” can be written to the last exits from stairs or building. Turkish writings can be used with its English express (ÇIKIŞ/EXIT).
There will be no illuminated markings or items that can cause hesitation and confusion about the escape route except guidance markings in escape routes, the markings shall be visible either in normal lightings or emergency lighting situations on the escape route.
The lighting intensity shall not be less than 2 cd/ m² in any point on the marking. The half of the requested value shall be ensured in 5 seconds and the complete value shall be ensured in 50 seconds.
The lighting intensity ratio between the sections that are lightened minimum and maximum of the same color parts shall not be more than 10:1. The lighting intensity ratio between the white and green parts shall not be less than 5:1 and not more than 15:1.
The lamb’s color back efficiency index must be at least 40 for the detection of safety marking’s color, the fixture must not be reduced this value. Standard fluorescent and tungsten halogen lambs are suitable in this respect.
Maximum Visibility Distances
    If the guidance markings used in emergency lighting are in a environment which is lightened with a external emergency lighting fixture then it must be seen from 100 times the distance of the height of the figure like in Figure 1.
If an external lighting is not used and the fixture provides its own light then it must be seen from 200 times the distance of the height of the figures.
 
Arsel Elektronik ltd..